
A Bronx Tale: Let Music be the Food of Love
by Debra Curtis Green
Dec, 2023
Although not an immediate box-office success, A Bronx Tale (1993) was highly acclaimed by the film critics when it was released, and became a well-known classic, crossing the genres of mob movie, romance, coming-of-age, and historical drama. A Bronx Tale also went on to become a successful musical on Broadway. Chazz Palminteri originally wrote A Bronx Tale as a one-man play based on his childhood experience of seeing a man shot while sitting on his stoop. Performed in a small theatre on the West Coast in 1989, Palminteri narrated and showed his skill as an actor as he played all the characters’ voices and actions. His audiences soon became packed with A-listed actors and directors who vied for the film rights. But Palminteri was adamant that he wanted to be cast as Sonny the gangster, and that he wanted to write the film script. Eventually Robert DeNiro picked up the rights for his directorial debut, agreeing that Palminteri should play Sonny and DeNiro would play Palminteri’s father. DeNiro also agreed that Palminteri should write his own story: the final film script varying little from the original play.

Belmont, The Bronx
A Bronx Tale is set in Belmont, The Bronx, during the 1960s. The story begins with 9-year-old Calogero sitting on his stoop and witnessing Sonny, a local mob boss, shoot someone. When Calogero doesn’t rat on him to the cops, there begins a friendship between Sonny and the boy, much to the chagrin of Calogero’s father Lorenzo, who disapproves of Sonny’s mob activities. While preparing for the film, DeNiro insisted on meeting Mr. Palminteri Snr. and convinced him to teach DeNiro how to drive a bus. DeNiro even qualified for his bus driving license to play the role of the honest, hard-working Lorenzo.
1: Chaz Palminteri’s childhood stoop – 667 E187th St
Going against his father’s wishes, ‘Cee’ (Sonny’s nickname for Calogero) continues to hang out with Sonny and his crew at their bar, Chez Joey. Flashforward eight years and Sonny has become the “Boss of crime bosses” and treats 17-year-old Cee as the son he never had. Meanwhile, Cee’s friends aspire to be gangsters themselves, and regularly make racist attacks on local Black youth, who they perceive as crossing onto their turf. When Cee falls for Jane, a beautiful Black girl in his school, he knows he must hide his feelings from his peers, and even his father Lorenzo, who shows disapproval for mixed-ethnic relationships. Sonny, however, is supportive and lends Cee his car for his first date with Jane. When Jane’s brother accuses Cee of being part of the gang that attacked him, Jane leaves. Feeling rejected and unjustly accused, Cee angrily joins his friends who are planning to bomb the neighboring Black area with Molotov cocktails. Sonny intervenes, pulling Cee from the car and questioning him about a bomb found under the hood of Sonny’s car. Unfairly accused again, Cee is heartbroken. Jane finds him and tells him her brother has recanted Cee’s involvement. But when Cee walks Jane home, they see his friends’ car burnt out, and find themselves among police, ambulances, and growing racial tension. Hit with the realization that Sonny had just saved his life, he rushes back to the bar to thank him. As Cee enters the bar, Sonny beckons him over, at which point Cee spots a young man approaching from the other side of the bar, lift a gun and shoot Sonny dead. The shooter was the son of the man Cee had witness Sonny kill eight years earlier.
But the Bronx was not always blighted by racial conflicts. In the early part of the 1900s, the Bronx was a blossoming borough of multi-ethnic communities living and working alongside each other in well-cared for neighborhoods, but by the mid-1950s badly planned city developments, like the Cross Bronx Expressway, had devastated neighborhoods and destroyed the communities, raising racial intolerances. The racial conflict between the Italians and Blacks was seen early in gang turf warfare, and later in the 1970s in the anti-civil rights protests by American Italian nationalists. It was important to Palminteri to highlight the racial tensions building in the 1960s, and the violence perpetrated on black locals: even turning down one offer for his script because the producers wanted to remove the racist storyline and make Jane, Cee’s love interest, a white girl. Their love affair, more than just a ‘Romeo and Juliet’ moment, signifies that these two groups have more alignment in their history and culture than one might first presume.
African Americans and Italians arrived in New York by the masses, fleeing desperate situations and sharing a tribal need to belong. During colonial expansion, Italy was still a collection of principalities and city-states, only unifying as a country in 1873, one hundred years after the United States of America gained independence. After unification and into the early 1900s, more than four million Italians (mainly unskilled labor and rural workers) immigrated to the United States, “the majority fleeing grinding rural poverty in Southern Italy and Sicily.” (Destination America, PBS).

After emancipation, previously enslaved Blacks migrated north in hope of a better way of life, while many of those early Italian immigrants desperate to escape famine in their own country, took over the fieldwork on the plantations. As Black Americans flocked north to reunite with families, Italians also shared a tribal sense of belonging, which transferred across the ocean from their homeland. When Italians settled in New York, they often lived up the block from the same children they grew up with in their home villages, and so grew up areas like Little Italy in the Bronx and in Manhattan. And the Italians were had also experienced prejudice on arrival. Until the early 1900s, Italians were still classed as non-white, and as Catholics, they were also a targeted group of the Klu Klux Klan. In 1891 in New Orleans, the KKK’s largest mass-lynching was of eleven Italian Catholic.
But more than the harrowing histories and prejudiced backgrounds, the Italian and Black cultures shared the same sense of flamboyant fashion, and a passion for food, dancing and music. The migrating villages from the South, the Islands, and from Italy all brought their street life cultures with them when they settled in The Bronx. In the evenings, families would gather on stoops in their separate neighborhoods, share food and listen to the younger generations croon under the streetlamps. The sounds that had developed from Black gospel choirs in the 1940s merged with the barbershop quartet acapella and by the 1960s, became coined as Doo Wop and could be heard across the borough. For Italian Americans raised singing in church choirs, the slow and medium tempos mixing with the lead harmonies came naturally to a culture raised on opera. A Bronx Tale is set against the soundtrack of Doo Wop, including “Dion and the Belmonts”, the first Italian American Bronx group to achieve mainstream popularity. In the opening monologue of the movie, Calogero narrates, “It was 1960, and Doo-wop was the sound on the streets. It felt like there was a Doo Wop group on every corner back then.”
“Because the sound of doo-wop music became popular with the white audience in America, mixed-race groups were formed, and black and white vocalists would sing harmonically together as equals.”
Brecht Stremes
2: The Juveniles 1958
The Juveniles were an interracial group, including a Polish white female singer, a Puerto Rican, a Haitian and two Black guys, who had all previously been members of various teen gangs in the South Bronx when they formed the Doo wop group. If the Cross-Bronx Expressway divided the ethnic groups, music found a way of reunited through music, sharing their styles to create their own individual group sounds.
Little Italy
Little Italy is still a thriving community in The Bronx, although today you will find it a more multicultural experience with traditional Italian restaurants and bakeries co-existing with other ethnic eateries including Eastern European, Dominican and West African.


But if you want a first-hand experience of the Arthur Avenue of the 50s & 60s, eat Italian food and listen to original Doo Wop, Ann & Tony’s (established in 1927) host an Oldies Night, where Butch Barbella, the composer of “The Streets of The Bronx” from the soundtrack of A Bronx Tale, is often found playing to the audience and retelling tales from the era. While thirty years later, Chaz Palminteri is currently on a nationwide tour, performing as his original one-man show of A Bronx Tale.
Works Cited
Carroll, Rory. “America’s Dark and Not-Very-Distant History of Hating Catholics.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 12 Sept. 2015. Web. 01 Nov. 2023.
“A City of Villages: Italian: Immigration and Relocation in U.S. History: Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress : Library of Congress.” The Library of Congress. n.d. Web. 25 Oct. 2023.
“Destination America. When Did They Come?” PBS. Public Broadcasting Service, n.d. Web. 31 Oct. 2023.
Freedman, Samuel G. “Bronx Niche Is Shattered by Change.” The New York Times. The New York Times, 6 Aug. 1986. Web. 25 Oct. 2023.
Gardaphe, Fred. “We Weren’t Always White: Race and Ethnicity in Italian/American Literature.” CUNY Academic Works. 2002. Web. 01 Nov. 2023.
Jerkins, Morgan. “The Outsiders: Why Black Audiences Love Italian American Screen Icons.” Vanity Fair. 25 Sept. 2023. Web. 01 Nov. 2023.
Naison, Mark. “Italian Americans in Bronx Doo Wop-The Glory and the Paradox.” Fordham Research Commons. 29 Jan. 2019. Web. 01 Nov. 2023.
Niro, De Robert, and Chazz Palminteri. A Bronx Tale. Savoy Pictures, 1993. Film.
Palminteri, Chazz. A Bronx Tale. Chazz Palminteri, Hollywood, California. 1989.
Palminteri, Chazz. “It’s All You | Chazz Palminteri Show | EP1.” YouTube. YouTube, 15 Feb. 2021. Web. 01 Nov. 2023.
Stremes, Brecht. “The Origin and Influence Of Doo-wop music.” https://bertoltpress.com/2020/04/24/doo-wop-music-history